Current Events

Saturday, March 28, 2015

Miracle Cure; Edge of Eternity; An Officer and a Spy; Natchez Burning; The Sixth Extinction; Who Owns the Future?; Fabric of America; Tatiana; Writing on the Wall; and The Men Who United the States

Harlan Coben.  Miracle Cure.  © 2011 A New York clinic run by two doctors is working on a cure for AIDS.  There is a conspiracy against the clinic of four prominent men, each for his own reasons.  All of the patients at the clinic are gay men or intravenous drug users.  Three of the patients who test HIV negative after the course of treatment are stabbed to death by an apparent serial killer dubbed “the slasher.”  Then one of the doctors is thrown through an 11th story window and there are a couple of other murders.  For a while the NYPD detective on the case thinks that someone is trying to discredit the clinic’s research.  There are three other patients who now test negative, and the detective takes them off to a safe house to protect them from the slasher.  He has his own doctor test them without telling the clinic.  They test negative.  Off and on I thought the premise for the story was a bit over the top, but it’s always a good idea to stick with Harlan Coben, particularly when the Knicks star forward is part of the action.  March 2015
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Ken Follett.  Edge of Eternity.   ©2014   This is part three of the Century Trilogy.  Parts one and two were Fall of Giants ©2010 and Winter of the World ©2012. Like the first two volumes, Edge of Eternity is a very long novel  (29 CDs or 1100 pages).  If it’s not a masterpiece, it’s very close to that.  As in the two previous volumes, Follett inserts fictional characters into the critical events of an era, this time from the 1960s to the fall of the Berlin wall.  The central characters are from the third generation of the original four families in Russia, Germany, Britain and the US.  These have now become extended families, and it becomes difficult at times to keep all of the characters straight.  In Russia Dmitri Dvorkin is a staffer in the Politburo and his sister Tanya is a star correspondent for TASS.  George Jakes is the illegitimate son of Greg Peshkov and a young African American woman and grandson of Lev Peshkov who fled Russia in Vol. 1.  Jakes is a graduate of Harvard Law, and his story starts with a freedom ride and then as an aide to Bobby Kennedy.  His story is paralleled by Cameron Dewar, son of Woody Dewar who worked for FDR.  Unlike his father and grandfather, Cameron is a conservative.  He becomes an aide to Nixon and after Watergate joins CIA where he participates in some of the chancy covert schemes during the Reagan administration.  Rebecca is a Jewish woman who was adopted into the Franck family in Berlin during WW II.  She escapes over the wall and eventually becomes a member of the Bundestag.  Willi Franck, a young musician, runs over and kills a VoPo with a truck as he escapes through the wall.  After he joins Rebecca in Hamburg he fills in for a member of Dave Williams rock group and they begin a long and successful musical career together.  Dave is the grandson of Ethel Williams, now a member of the House of Lords, and Lord Fitzherbert, who acknowledges Dave for the first time as Ethel is dying of lung cancer.  It’s a lot of people to keep track of, but it is these people who light up the historical events of the 30 or so years covered by the book.  The four main themes are the Cuban missile crisis and then Civil Rights and Watergate in the US, the gradual disintegration of the USSR and the communist regimes in Eastern Europe, the horror of the Berlin wall and the importance of rock and roll bands as vehicles for dissent.  It might be worth noting than unlike in the movie Selma, Lyndon Johnson comes out unequivocal, strong and uncompromising on the 1964 Civil rights Bill. It’s a book you wish would never end.  March 2015

Robert Harris.  An Officer and a Spy.  © 2013  George Piquart was a French army officer, who was promoted to colonel right after the court martial of Alfred Dreyfus and put in charge of the intelligence branch of the General Staff.   Perhaps this book is a novel but I prefer to think of it as a dramatization of real events and the actions of real people.  Piquart started out as anti-Semitic as his peers, but as he looked at the evidence and secret files that had been used to get a conviction, he realized that Dreyfus was innocent and jeopardized his own career to free him from Devil ’s Island.  I had not known the details of the Dreyfus case, and I found this book as fascinating as any mystery novel or spy thriller.  Among other things, the rampant anti-Semitism in the military and the population at large in the late 19th and early 20th C’s helps explain what happened to French Jews during WW II.  As an historical aside, Harris has Piquart mention the Paris drains several times.  In warm weather there was no escape from the stench of sewage in the city.  March 2015
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Greg Iles.  Natchez Burning: A Novel.  © 2014  As I read this, I almost expected James Lee Burke to send Dave Robicheaux and Clete Purcell over to lend a hand to Penn Cage, the Mayor of Natchez as he tries to deal with a charge of mercy killing against his physician father along with the legacy of  racially motivated murders 40 years earlier.  This is the first volume of a projected trilogy that addresses the racial history of the American South.  After his wife’s death from cancer, Penn, a lawyer turned novelist, returned to his childhood home in Natchez, Miss.  He was looking for a fresh start, but instead became embroiled in a series of violent investigations that illuminated the darker side of life in Natchez, past and present.  Determined to help restore the struggling city, Penn changed professions once again and ran successfully for mayor.    Before the story gets underway, Iles opens with a historical prologue that contains the seeds of virtually everything that follows. Among the events recounted or referred to here are the 1968 murders of two black civil rights activists, Luther Davis and Jimmy Revels, the immolation by WW II flame thrower of a record store owner and the brutal gang rape of Revels’s sister Viola. These and other atrocities were carried out by the Double Eagles, an ultra-violent splinter group of the Ku Klux Klan.  Viola Revels had been Dr. Tom Cage’s nurse and office manager and lover.  After the murders and the gang rape, she moved to Chicago, but she returns in 2005 suffering from lung cancer.  Dr. Cage gives her palliative treatment.  When she dies, he is charged with assisting a suicide and likely will be charged with murder.   This sets off a chain of events that endangers the lives Penn and his daughter, his fiancé, his father, a journalist who has been digging into the Double Eagles story, and a Double Eagle who wants to make a deathbed confession, and reveals corruption everywhere, including in the State Police. The cruelty and brutality here are like nothing I’ve seen before, and I thought, thanks to Robicheaux, that I had seen everything.  Iles keeps thing moving for the whole 800 pages.  January 2015
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Elizabeth Kolbert.  The Sixth Extinction.  © 2014  Since life first began on earth there have been five major eras of extinction  -- dinosaurs, for example, 65 million years ago.  In the 1790s George Cuvier was the first scientist to identify extinct animals.  Until then no one had imagined extinction.  He was right on that and right about many other things, but he disagreed with Jean Baptiste  Lamarck’s theories about evolution and instead proposed new creation after each extinction.   Kolbert believes we are in a sixth era of extinction and that it is man made.   She starts with frogs.  For the overall environment, they seem to be like canaries in coal mines.  Then she traveled all over the world to make her point: the Panamian rain forest, the Great Barrier Reef, the Andes, Bikini Atoll, city zoos and our own backyards.  She mentions the disappearance of the great Auk in Europe as the result of hunting by humans and the disappearance of Neanderthals from Europe and Asia Minor as a result of hunting by and interbreeding with humans.  I can mention the disappearance of large mammals in North America within a few generations after humans arrived from Asia across the Bering Straits.  These were significant  examples of extinction but of a lesser degree of magnitude than the five major extinctions and the sixth which we are experiencing now.  This major era of extinction is totally the result of human activity.  She estimates that between 20% and 50% of current life forms, flora and fauna, will disappear by the end of the century.  February 2015
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Jaron Lanier.  Who Owns the Future?  © 2013  I read this several weeks ago and I didn’t take good notes but I think it is an important book.  So here is the first paragraph of the Guardian’s review along with a link to the full review.  It’s worth reading all the way through.  “Jaron Lanier, groundbreaking computer scientist and infectious optimist, is concerned that we are not making the most of ourselves. In Who Owns the Future?  he tellingly questions the trajectory of economic value in the information age, and argues that there has been a fundamental misstep in how capitalism has gone digital. For Lanier, late capitalism is not so much exhausted as humiliating: in an automated world, information is more important to the economy than manual labour, and yet we are expected to surrender information generated by or about ourselves – a valuable resource – for free.” 

http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/feb/27/who-owns-future-lanier-review

Aristotle foresaw machines to play music and operate looms, work normally performed by slaves.  This may have been the first time the replacement of workers was recognized as a potential problem.  We have been through many iterations of this problem since then, and Lanier suggests we are approaching a point where all gains flow upward to fewer and fewer individuals as machines, robots and information systems take over the functions of workers.  To counteract this one-way, feudal system of financial gains, he suggests that we become more ferocious agents of our own informational resources.  His vision of a humanistic information economy is one in which participants achieve "economic dignity" by being proportionally compensated for all their contributions to the massive clusters of information – the so-called "big data" – circulating across digital networks.  Right now we are all giving away information for free to Google, Face Book and other service provider in return for free use of their services.  February 2015

Andro Linklater.  Fabric of America: How Our Borders and Boundaries Shaped the Country and Forged Our National Identity.  © 2007  The book contains a comprehensive  biography of Andrew Ellicott, the surveyor who set the borders of 11 states, the District of Columbia and our northern and southern borders, but it is much more than that.  On November 4, 1892 Frederick Jackson Turner published the first version of his frontier theory of American history in a Wisconsin student newspaper.  The basic idea is that the freedom of the frontier is what formed the American character; it “established liberty by releasing Americans from European mindsets and eroding old, dysfunctional customs. The frontier had no need for standing armies, established churches, aristocrats or nobles, nor for landed gentry who controlled most of the land and charged heavy rents. Frontier land was free for the taking.” (Wiki).  Linklater does not agree.  He makes a strong case that it was the federal and state governments, which surveyed and allotted land for settlement, provided titles to settlers who moved in and established how these lands could become states that formed the basis for our democracy.  There’s a lot to be said for both sides.  There’s a good review in the Philadelphia Inquirer:
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Read this book for Ellicott’s story.  None of us has ever heard of him until now, even though Ellicott City just up the road is named for him, but he was an important player in many of the most significant events in the US in the late 18th and early 19th C.  He took over the mapping of the District of Columbia after L’Enfant was fired and his mapping of our southern border played a significant role in our acquisition of Florida and other Spanish territories along the Gulf Coast.  Also there are many anecdotes such as mention of a volcanic eruption in Iceland in 1783 that caused record cold in New England in 1784 and which put so much particulate into the atmosphere  that even on a sunny day Benjamin Franklin found that a magnifying glass would barely ignite a piece of brown paper.  February 2015
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Martin Cruz Smith.  Tatiana.  © 2013  On a beach in Kaliningrad, a simultaneous interpreter is murdered for his notes of a high level meeting.  When the notes turn out to be indecipherable pictographs, the murderer throws them in the sand.  They’re found by some kids who live on the beach and sold to a reporter named Tatiana Petrovna.  After she is defenestrated and Grisha Grigorenko, one of the principals at the meeting where the interpreter worked, dies, detective  Arkady Renko decides to investigate.  Zhenya, a chess hustler and Arkady’s ward, swipes the book from Arkady’s flat and, working  with a girl he’s just met while losing to her in the finals of a chess competition, reads the notes.  It’s about a meeting of Russian mobsters with the Chinese military about raising a sunken Russian nuclear sub.  Then there’s the question of whether Tatiana is really dead.  The novel paints a grim picture of contemporary Russia.  I wish I knew how accurate it is.  March 2015
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Tom Standage.  Writing on the Wall.  © 2013  The title refers to the graffiti on the walls of Pompeii and Herculaneum, of which 11,000 examples survive.  Writing began about 9000 BCE with hieroglyphics and cuneiform.  These eventually evolved into a phonetic alphabet of consonants, to which the Greeks added vowels.  There was some literacy in Greek cities, but Greeks really didn‘t like to write things down because they thought they lost them when they did.  It was in Rome that writing came into its own, chiefly in the form of letters which often were originally sent in multiple copies and then copied again and again.  After Guttenberg began experimenting with printing in the 1440s, writing metastasized, much of it in the form of pamphlets.   Standage mentions the Devonshire Manuscript, which was passed around in the 1530s and 1540s among 17 people and contains 194 entries, mostly poetry.  His interest is in the phenomenon of its being passed around or circulated rather than in its content.  News papers originated in the UK in early 17th C after hard fought battles with government censors.  They began to appear in France about a century later, having grown out of exchanges of poems.  The next big steps were Morse’s telegraph and Marconi’s wireless.  It took a while to get to the idea of broadcast radio, where communications went only one way.  This was followed, of course, by TV.  The first system was electro mechanical and one of its first messages was seen by President Hoover.  Then came the invention of the cathode ray tube and even before WW II Sarnoff’s CBS was broadcasting to about 200 sets in NYC.  Now we have the internet and Facebook and we are back to where we were in the Roman Republic.  February 2015

Simon Winchester.  The Men Who United the States.  © 2013  When you read the title of this book you may be expecting  “founding fathers” or Civil War era politicians and generals.  Winchester has a different story to tell.  It’s basically the history of our transportation and communication infrastructure and the men who imagined it and then built it and of the surveyors who laid out borders and determined the best practicable routes for canals roads and railroads and lines for telegraphs and telephones.  Along with some serious analysis, the book is loaded with anecdotes with things we just didn’t know like development of the first steamboat:  Robert Fulton in 1807?  Nope, John Fitch was steaming up and down the Delaware in 1787.  Unfortunately, unlike Fulton, he never figured out how to make any money from his innovation.  One of the best passages relates events leading to the link up in Utah of the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads on May 10, 1869.  Brigham Young declined an invitation to attend the ceremony.  There’s the story of how Bell invented the telephone and later the struggle between Edison and Tesla over the choice between DC and AC current.  Imagine what an undertaking it must have been to wire up Manhattan so that the lights could be turned on for the first time.   Winchester gives extensive coverage to the development of radio broadcasting and then television.  As for the highway system, in 1919 Dwight Eisenhower led a convoy of military vehicles from the east coast to the west.  It took 62 days.  .  I can recommend Stephen Mihm’s November 8, 2013 review in the NYT.  Andro Linklater’s  Fabric of America: How Our Borders and Boundaries Shaped the Country and Forged Our National Identity, reviewed elsewhere, makes a nice companion piece for this book.  March 2015


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